essay

‘The revolution will not be televised’ was a rap by Gill Scott Heron in 1972. The rap mainly revolves about the ‘Other’ ethnic minorities, in this case Black people being under represented.

During this time the civil rights were being taken place whereby black people were treated as second class citizens. However nowadays there are many successful black entrepreneurs who have been reflected through the media, breaking away from the conformed stereo types of black people who in ‘The revolution will not be televised’ are all are referred as being savage.

Gill Scott Heron challenges the establishment of propaganda in the media, as white people oppressed the minority and limited the amount of media which represented black people. Heron made his point clear that the bad things that the minority of black people do are shown on the news, however when something good comes of them it is not ‘televised’, furthermore informing us that there is no equality between the ethnic minorities in America. This links to the effects theory as white people have oppressed the media only showing the bad side to black people leaving the audience no choice but to believe what is shown through the media. Heron try to break away from this in his song by arguing the fact that a white police shooting a black man would never be in the news enhancing the fact that there is no equality or justice between different ethnicities.

The title of the song has been repeated constantly throughout the song, this makes the song seem more political. The jazzy background and the lyrics does not conform to the typical conventions in contemporary texts nowadays as most artists just rap about money, wealth, girls and fast cars. The song challenges hegemony and the status quo whilst the rising of black power. It also differs in comparison to contemporary texts in a sense that this song is aimed at an older audience, whereas raps nowadays are aimed at a younger audience.

‘Your revolution’ by Dj Vadim ft Sarah Jones was a rap which was released in 1998. This differs from ‘The revolution will not be televised’ as in this rap she is not fighting for equality between different ethnic groups, but she is fighting for equality between man and women. As it was released in 1998 this portrays the fact that women did not completely gain their independence, and they did not break away from the stereotype that women were only seen as sex objects for the male gaze. This goes against Mulvey’s ‘gaze’ theory where by women were fetisized with phallic objects in order to fulfil the needs of male desires and anxieties.

Women in the past’s purpose was only one thing which was to cater to the males and be housewives, directly indicating that they had to do what the men told them to do leading them to be less superior to men. However Sarah Jones goes against this as she says that women are not only there to serve the males, allowing the audience to breakaway from typical stereotypes.

However in contemporary texts such as ‘Fast And The Furious’ and ‘Candyshop by 50Cent’ women are still being portrayed as passive sex objects such as putting girls on leaches and treated them like animals, furthermore portraying that women are living in a patriarchal society and are still subordinate to men. This supports Sarah Jones views in her song as her meanings covey that black people have now gained equality and they have been successful black people in music since ‘The revolution will not be televised’ however she was getting the point that women are still being treated unequally and that they are still being miss represented by portraying women negatively in the media. The males that are being represented in contemporary texts are all machismo males who for example 50 Cent are all egotistic and treat girls bad. However Sarah Jones retaliates to this as she does not like males who are like that and ‘She fakes it’.

This is similar to ‘The revolution will not be televised’ as both artists have created a political rap piece of music which was aimed to make change and both were created to break away from the conformed stereotypes, and widening the media in all areas so that it is not being oppressed giving the audience no freedom to choose what they want to believe in.

‘Your revolution’ is very post modern as she makes reference to other black artists and uses their lyrics in a sense that she is mocking what other black males are rapping about.

Both artists and songs similar in ways such as they want to break away to conformed stereotypes. However they are trying to break away from different stereotypes one is for women and the other was for black people to gain equality.

essay

‘The revolution will not be televised’ was a rap by Gill Scott Heron in 1972. The rap mainly revolves about the ‘Other’ ethnic minorities, in this case Black people being under represented.

During this time the civil rights were being taken place whereby black people were treated as second class citizens. However nowadays there are many successful black entrepreneurs who have been reflected through the media, breaking away from the conformed stereo types of black people who in ‘The revolution will not be televised’ are all are referred as being savage.

Gill Scott Heron challenges the establishment of propaganda in the media, as white people oppressed the minority and limited the amount of media which represented black people. Heron made his point clear that the bad things that the minority of black people do are shown on the news, however when something good comes of them it is not ‘televised’, furthermore informing us that there is no equality between the ethnic minorities in America. This links to the effects theory as white people have oppressed the media only showing the bad side to black people leaving the audience no choice but to believe what is shown through the media. Heron try to break away from this in his song by arguing the fact that a white police shooting a black man would never be in the news enhancing the fact that there is no equality or justice between different ethnicities.

The title of the song has been repeated constantly throughout the song, this makes the song seem more political. The jazzy background and the lyrics does not conform to the typical conventions in contemporary texts nowadays as most artists just rap about money, wealth, girls and fast cars. The song challenges hegemony and the status quo whilst the rising of black power. It also differs in comparison to contemporary texts in a sense that this song is aimed at an older audience, whereas raps nowadays are aimed at a younger audience.

‘Your revolution’ by Dj Vadim ft Sarah Jones was a rap which was released in 1998. This differs from ‘The revolution will not be televised’ as in this rap she is not fighting for equality between different ethnic groups, but she is fighting for equality between man and women. As it was released in 1998 this portrays the fact that women did not completely gain their independence, and they did not break away from the stereotype that women were only seen as sex objects for the male gaze. This goes against Mulvey’s ‘gaze’ theory where by women were fetisized with phallic objects in order to fulfil the needs of male desires and anxieties.

Women in the past’s purpose was only one thing which was to cater to the males and be housewives, directly indicating that they had to do what the men told them to do leading them to be less superior to men. However Sarah Jones goes against this as she says that women are not only there to serve the males, allowing the audience to breakaway from typical stereotypes.

However in contemporary texts such as ‘Fast And The Furious’ and ‘Candyshop by 50Cent’ women are still being portrayed as passive sex objects such as putting girls on leaches and treated them like animals, furthermore portraying that women are living in a patriarchal society and are still subordinate to men. This supports Sarah Jones views in her song as her meanings covey that black people have now gained equality and they have been successful black people in music since ‘The revolution will not be televised’ however she was getting the point that women are still being treated unequally and that they are still being miss represented by portraying women negatively in the media. The males that are being represented in contemporary texts are all machismo males who for example 50 Cent are all egotistic and treat girls bad. However Sarah Jones retaliates to this as she does not like males who are like that and ‘She fakes it’.

This is similar to ‘The revolution will not be televised’ as both artists have created a political rap piece of music which was aimed to make change and both were created to break away from the conformed stereotypes, and widening the media in all areas so that it is not being oppressed giving the audience no freedom to choose what they want to believe in.

‘Your revolution’ is very post modern as she makes reference to other black artists and uses their lyrics in a sense that she is mocking what other black males are rapping about.

Both artists and songs similar in ways such as they want to break away to conformed stereotypes. However they are trying to break away from different stereotypes one is for women and the other was for black people to gain equality.

news story: January retail sales dissapoint

January retail sales disappoint

Shop sales fall at their fastest rate for four years last month, Data revealed this morning, casting doubt over the strength of the economy and the need for any more interest rate rises.
The Office for National Statistics said the fall came in spite of the heaviest discounting for the past six months.

Sales plunged 1.8% in January whereas City pundits had pencilled in a small rise after December's 1.1% jump.
The weak data came despite prices being on average 0.4% lower than a year ago, the most negative reading since July last year.

January's drop was driven by a household goods and clothing stores, which may explain the continuation of January sales into February as retailers attempted to shift stock.

Sales of household goods fell 4.2% on the month, the biggest fall in two years. Sales at clothing and footwear stores fell 4.4%, the sharpest drop since September 2002.

But internet retailers enjoyed strong gains. Sales in the non-store retailing and repair category were up by a record 17.7% on the year in January, although web sales still only account for around 4% of the total.

Overall, the ONS said that while underlying growth in retail sales volumes had slowed, it remained robust compared with the long-run average. Sales in the three months to January were up 0.9% on the previous three months.

The Bank of England has raised interest rates three times since last August and gave a hint in Wednesday's quarterly inflation report that another rate hike may be required to keep inflation under control. But today's figures could mean the Bank's work is already done, said analysts.

my opinion.
the internet has a huge impact on society nowadays it has made things more convenient for people as they can shop online which is why internet sales are good and have risen and enjoying their strong gains, which cold be the reason to why retailer stores have decresed in their profits.

news story: January retail sales dissapoint

January retail sales disappoint

Shop sales fall at their fastest rate for four years last month, Data revealed this morning, casting doubt over the strength of the economy and the need for any more interest rate rises.
The Office for National Statistics said the fall came in spite of the heaviest discounting for the past six months.

Sales plunged 1.8% in January whereas City pundits had pencilled in a small rise after December's 1.1% jump.
The weak data came despite prices being on average 0.4% lower than a year ago, the most negative reading since July last year.

January's drop was driven by a household goods and clothing stores, which may explain the continuation of January sales into February as retailers attempted to shift stock.

Sales of household goods fell 4.2% on the month, the biggest fall in two years. Sales at clothing and footwear stores fell 4.4%, the sharpest drop since September 2002.

But internet retailers enjoyed strong gains. Sales in the non-store retailing and repair category were up by a record 17.7% on the year in January, although web sales still only account for around 4% of the total.

Overall, the ONS said that while underlying growth in retail sales volumes had slowed, it remained robust compared with the long-run average. Sales in the three months to January were up 0.9% on the previous three months.

The Bank of England has raised interest rates three times since last August and gave a hint in Wednesday's quarterly inflation report that another rate hike may be required to keep inflation under control. But today's figures could mean the Bank's work is already done, said analysts.

my opinion.
the internet has a huge impact on society nowadays it has made things more convenient for people as they can shop online which is why internet sales are good and have risen and enjoying their strong gains, which cold be the reason to why retailer stores have decresed in their profits.

reflect on exam

self assesmentAttainment =2
think i can achieve better i need to focus more on my work though.
Effort =2
again.. i need to put that little bit more effort in..make more time for my work,,,dont rush it
Punctuality=3 hmm..im not always late but i do tuen up late sometimes.
Submission and quality of homework =3
hmm need to oraganise myself better so i can spend more time om my work
Ability to work independently =2
yh..i can do that dnt really need to rely on anyone to get my work done
Quality of writing =2
Organisation of Media folder=3
need to put all my sheets in my folder instead of having to keep on looking for sheets
Oral contributions in class =2
yh ..i enjoy taking part in class discussions .. :D
Contribution to the group Practical Production.=1
in our film production yh???? well if so yhhhhh... enjoyed that very well!!!!

exam module 1 retakE
I found it harder then the first exam, because there so much more you can say about moving image such as the lighting, sound, type of shots, camera angles. i felt i learnt more about moving images as we concentrated on the topic the most. hmm..i cant really remember the key points i made it was all in the spare of the moment... i never can remember what i wrote in an exam lol... could have prepaired better...woopsie

i know what you did last summer- film poster

Exam practice - film poster: i know what you did last summer

there is a two shot with a medium closeup on the left hand side, and a big close u of the other three characters on the right.
the angle of the camera is slightly low loking up at the mai charaters of the film.
the quality of the image is clear on all the four main protagonists, focusing on each individual equally. however there is a person on the bottom right hand corner who has been blured out as that character is in the front there is a short focus on him bluring him out furthermore creating an enigma and secrecy of who the man could be.
low key lighting has been used for this poster as it represents the grnre being a horror movie.

non-naturalistic lightings has been used to create a myserious and sinister look to the poster. the lighting used is impressionistic as thete is a high contrast between dark and light conveyed in the poster.

the use of colours also represented the genre of the film as displayed are the four victims surrounded by a black background also there is "flesh" colour but a cold blue colour has been used instead. the person who has been shaddowed out has been outlined in red which represets that he or she is the murderer, red had been used as it shows the conotations of danger and death so this instantly tells the audience that he / she is the murderer.

the composition of the victims are at the top middle of the poster maybe the director was trying to symbolise that inocence. however the villlan is at the bottom which portrays thet he is eveil ad his mental staus is blow the victims. the killer has a hook in his hand that loops round the word 'know' in the title of the film this could indicate that the murderer knows sumthing about teh victims. The typography for the words 'i know' in the film title has been made the biggest and bolder. there is ancorage used for the slogan 'if your going to burry the truth make sure it stays burried.

i know what you did last summer

uses and gratifications

Uses and gratifications
This theory is the opposite of “range of audience theories”
The main difference is that it assumes that the audience is active, which means we choose the texts consumed and how we all consume the texts.

Uses and gratifications theory
1960’s- it became apparent that the audience made their own choices about how and when they consumes media texts.
Blumer and Katz expanded on this theory in 1974 suggesting a serious of reasons why audience members might consume a media text.
Diversion- escape of everyday problems
Personal relationships- Using the media for emotional and other interation
Personal identity- constructing their own identity from characters in media texts
Surveillance- information gathering

Denis McQuail suggests a more detailed breakdown of the audience:
Information
..finding out about relevant events and conditions
..seeking advise
..satisfying curiosity and general interest
Learning
..self-education
..confidence through gaining knowledge
Personal identity
..finding reinforcement for personal values
..finding models of behaviour
identifying with ‘celebrities’
..gaining incite into oneself
Intergration and social interaction
..gaining insight to circumstances of others
..identifying with others
..finding a basis for conversation and social interaction
..having a substitute for real life companionship
..helping to carry out social roles
..enabling once to connect with family, friends and society
Entertainment
.. escaping, pr being diverted from problems
..relaxing
..getting intrinsic cultural or aesthetic enjoyment
..filling time
..emotional release
..sexual arousal

Watching TV Soap operas
Richard Kilborn suggests that:
.. a regular routing and a reward for work
..social and personal interaction
..fulilling indicvidual needs
..identification with characters
..fantasy to escape
..focus on a topic
..appreciation of genre conventions

a recent model argues that th individual has the power to controll the media texts that we select and we select the ones which best suit our needs

Critisisms of uses and gratification theory
can be simplistic, hrad to explain why we like something. from what is consimed n the media we choose from what is available.

Entertainment
My form of entertainment would be to watch comedies/ sitcomes such as Friends, My wife and kids as the programmes help divert myself away from problems, it also alows u to escape as you can identify with other character roles.

Plurism

Pluralism
It’s the opposite to the Marxist theory. Whereas Marxist perspectives on the media centre on the belief that the mass media are a tool used by ruling bodies to maintain hegemonic control over the masses and a class divided society, pluralists take a more flexible and open view, arguing for a classless society and media organisations which are responsive to an audience and economically determined.

Basic definition of pluralism:
They view society as a system of competing groups and interest, none of them predominant. Media organisations are seen as enjoying an important degree of autonomy from the state, and control of the media is said to be in the hands of an elite who allpw a considerable degree of flexibility on production choises. Audiences are perceived as capable of manipulating the media and having access to what Halloran calls the puural values of society, enabling them to confirm accommodate or reject.

Is the opposite of Marxism and rejects the concept of mass culture

As we become more media literate we are able to choose from a wide variety of cultural options

Class distinctions are less important now influencing the choices made by individual

High culture now reaches wide audiences which might have chosen soap operas for example

Individuals have the freedom to consume texts based on their personal preference.

The media is seen as acting like a public interest as the fourth estate , keeping an eye out in abuse of power by publications, large multinational corporations and others.

Allows for many different view points to be explored in media texts which may b in conflict with each other (like party political broadcasts). There is no hegemonic message to be conveyed through all media texts.

The role of the audience
If the audience odes not like a media text of any sort they will simply not watch it allowing the rates for the text to fall down thus leading to media organisations to respond y changing their output. Audiences are vital to producers, so therefore they have to research and spend a considerable amount of time to assure them of what the consumers want in order for it to appeal to the audience. The audience is seen as being active and not just receiving texts passively.

The media as fourth estate
There are many ways in which the first three estates of a democratic society are defined but essentially they are seen as the government, legal system and the church in various combinations. Each had power in our society.
The role of the media is seen as being that of the fourth estate, whose role is to keep the public informed about what is happening in each of the other three. The media fulfil this role by reporting political events in the newspaper or on broadcast television by providing documentary programmes to report key events

Google and their advertising !

“others are fighting for scraps” (other advertising agencies)
Google is set to make £900m in the UK this year (2006)
Nearly every £1 of £2 spent by advertisers online raises some serious questions about the market dominance
Andy Duncan highlighted that the “structural change “in the ad industry will lead to Google earning more then it its corporation (£800m estimate)

How comfortable is the UK advertising agencies with Google to carry out Digital advertising?

In TV land there is a huge furore over ITV controlling around 45% of the ad market - and it has the regulatory mechanism of contracts rights renewal to keep it in check.

If you want dominance take a look at Google:

According to the Internet Advertising Bureau the UK online ad market will crack £2bn this year.
Search marketing consultancy Greenlight estimates that search advertising accounts for around 60% or more of total online ad spend (maybe around £1.3bn this year).

And Google takes the lions share (60% to 70%) of that, completely dominating next closest rival Yahoo!, with MSN much further down the search advertising revenue food chain.

Last year Google scrapped the 15% discount that was usually offered agencies by using its advertising auction system and replaced it with a new net pricing system.

This caused a furore among many agencies.

"More transparency and put everyone on a level playing field using the auction system".
(Damian Burns-Google's head of agency relations for Europe Middle East and Africa)

Microsoft has run into trouble in the US and Europe over market dominance and Apple too has its share of potential legal wrangles over opening its music platform.

But not much, so far, has been said about Google's position. For example, can it even be regulated, and, more to the point if it has such a great model and has taken full advantage of it over competitors why should it?

My views
The internet has become a vital part of recent day’s society. It’s easily accessible and is more attractive then the usual adverts in the newspapers and leaflets. Its has grown to become popular due to it being so convenient, you can use it to find out information about anything at any time of the day. I think that google will empower the advertising agency as they know that they can make a lot of money, however I feel that it isn’t fair on other smaller advertising agencies as they will be facing great competition as google is seen to be a monopoly.

Sony Ericsson unveils new brand strategy

Sony Ericsson unveils new brand strategy

Sony Ericsson is launching its 1st television campaign to introduce the new global brand strategy that lead to Bartle Bogle Hegarty resigning from the £50m business.

BBH resigned from the account, which is worth £8m in the UK, in July after it emerged that branding agency Wolff Olins had been quietly working on a new strategy with which BBH fundamentally disagreed.

The resignation sparked an industry furore about the client pecking order between ad agencies and branding consultancies.

"This is the first TV ad to build on our new brand identity," said Jo Coomber, the senior marketing communications manager at Sony Ericsson's global marketing team.

"We want to bring the brand as a whole closer to consumers."

The ad aims to promote Sony Ericsson's range of next-generation Walkman phones - the W950, W850 and the W710 - the company hopes will help topple Apple's iPod.

The ad aims to get across the idea that in everyday situations people always have their phone handy and should think of it as music player.

Sony Ericsson has sold more than 15m mp3 player phones since launching the range in August last year.

McCann Erickson created the TV campaign as a one-off project while Sony Ericsson was holding a pitch to find a new agency to handle its business.

Saatchi & Saatchi, which also handles T-Mobile's advertising business, was appointed in September to develop future campaigns as the new agency of record.

Marxism

Marxism is a political practice and social theory based on Marx's philosophy, the political economy of Adam smith, Ricardian economics and nineteenth century French socialism to develop a critique of society which he has claimed to be both scientific and revolutionary.

Marxist Ideologies
Marx traced the development of material life, predicting that as capitalism replaced feudalism, so socialism would supersede capitalism.
He believed that capitalism is based on profit motive and that under profit makers, profits are generated by exploiting workers
(Example: a little boy making a football would cost much less then the price of the finished football)

He also believed that the capitalist society is divided into two social classes
The working class (proletariat) -who sell their labour and do not own the means of production
The bourgeoisie- who owns the means of production and employ the proletariat.
The bourgeoisie can be divided further into two subheadings:

Wealthy bourgeoisie who do not need to work for themselves.
Petty bourgeoisie who employ others, but do not work themselves.

Marxism in the media
· Media texts are produced within this society with social groups/ social divides. Media producers attempt to produce text which criticise this position they are doing so from within the society and therefore, by implication, accepting it since they are working within it.
· The culture industries see greater audience because of the profit motive. This leads them into constructing texts in deeded to generate mass audience, hence dubbing down their output.
· Mass media is seen as entertaining workers by feeding them ideologies and beliefs.

Althusser
(Ideological state apparatus) they operate alongside Repressive state apparatus to maintain bourgeois ideologogies.
Religion
Education
Family (family values)
Legal and political system (including trade unions)
Cultural and communications systems
He studied the way these ISA’s act to interpellate audiences

Gramsci
Is extended with the concept of hegemony (the dominance of the ideologies of the ruling class, with all the beliefs and values that they incorporate.
He argued that this process was successful that it becomes ‘common sense’ and these ideologies become taken for granted.
So by maintaining these ideologies in the media, the ruling class can ensure that they retain hegemonic control.

Artical review- A vistion thing

A vision thing

"After a year after it was launched, You tube is being sold for £900m! But what is Google buying"

You tube which is one of the world most talked about website decisively arrived in the midst of middle England last Saturday, when the headline "One Click Away From Corruption" flagged up a double-page spread about YouTube.

It started off as being a aharmless way for chldren to share vidios on the internet said the "blurb" forgetting the fact that children under 13 years of age were not advised to use it. Now, however, YouTube was apparently "fuelled by horrifying images of soldiers being shot, animal cruelty and vile racism.

The same day, there came news that slightly undermined the idea that YouTube was turning into an online dystopia.

There has been postings on anti-drug videos on YouTube, detectives in Manchester announced that they had put up a new appeal for information about the murder of the Moss Side schoolboy Jessie James, featuring his mother Barbara and sister Rosemary.

YouTube news: rumours that Google was about to buy the site for $1.65bn (£889m).